ABC transporters: one, two or four extracytoplasmic substrate‐binding sites?

ABC transporters: one, two or four extracytoplasmic substrate-binding sites?

Two families of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in which one or two extracytoplasmic substrate-binding domains are fused to either the N- or C-terminus of the translocator protein have been detected. This suggests that two, or even four, substrate-binding sites may function in the ABC transporter complex. This domain organization in ABC transporters, widely represented among microorgani...

University of Groningen ABC transporters : one , two or four extracytoplasmic substrate - binding sites ?

ATP hydrolysis at one of the two sites in ABC transporters initiates transport related conformational transitions.

ABC transporters play important roles in all types of organisms by participating in physiological and pathological processes. In order to modulate the function of ABC transporters, detailed knowledge regarding their structure and dynamics is necessary. Available structures of ABC proteins indicate three major conformations, a nucleotide-bound "bottom-closed" state with the two nucleotide bindin...

ABC Transporters Have Four Core Domains

domains, the nucleotide binding domains (NBDs), but which have evolved to couple the energy released by binding and hydrolysis of ATP to processes other than transbilayer transport. These include proteins involved in chromatin organization (13), DNA repair, telomere maintenance (15, 44), and mRNA trafficking through the nuclear pore (23). The molecular mechanism described below for ATP catalysi...

Abc Transporters in Mitochondria

Mitochondria are essential organelles of most eukaryotic cells including fungi, invertebrates, vertebrates and plants. They perform various processes such as oxidative phosphorylation, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid oxidation, the biosynthesis of various amino acids, the generation of iron-sulfur (Fe/S) clusters and their insertion into apoproteins, as well as partial reactions of hem...